Extended Data Fig. 4: Simplified model relating driving shear traction τ_D, normal traction σ_n, μ, and slip s along the tiger stripe faults.

Upper row: Frictionless fault subject to driving tractions. In this case, the fault cannot support shear traction (resolved shear traction τ_R = 0) and driving traction τ_D is resolved along interfaces (s ≠ 0) regardless of the applied σ_n. Slip results in a concentration of elastic strain at the fixed ends of the fault. The subsequent unloading of the driving shear traction results in a return to zero slip. Center row: frictional fault with time-variable driving shear traction and constant normal traction. In this case, s ≠ 0 when ∣τ_D∣ > σ_nμ (that is, τ_c = ∣τ_D∣ − σ_nμ > 0). Constant values of σ_n result in symmetric slip profiles following the onset of sliding. Bottom row: frictional fault with time-variable driving shear and normal tractions. In this case, variable σ_n results in an increased magnitude of τ_D required to initiate sliding and an associated decrease in the amplitude of s during the first occurrence of τ_c > 0. The resulting slip profile is double-peaked and asymmetric.