Extended Data Fig. 3: Schematic of the apparatus used in all experiments.
From: Gold nugget formation from earthquake-induced piezoelectricity in quartz
Deformation apparatus used in our experiments. The 2 x 1 x 0.5 cm quartz slab(s) are placed within an 8 x 8 x 3 cm sample chamber and submerged in 75 ml of gold-bearing solution. The perimeter of the sample chamber is sealed with silicon and the bottom plate has a trough to keep the sample chamber in place. Pressure is applied between the bottom two plates to prevent vertical bouncing during experimental oscillations. The quartz is then deformed by the actuator impact head for 1 hour at room temperature.
