Extended Data Fig. 3: Kelvin wave fingerprint.

a Density contour referenced to the 2000 m isobar (sigma2) in OM-control (grey) and OM-fw (orange), zonally averaged between eastern and western North Atlantic Ocean boundaries. b-g Density (left column) and velocity (right column) anomalies in the b-c Gulf Stream (35°N), d-e North Brazil Current (3°N) and f-g Benguela (30°S) currents averaged in the last 10 years of the 100-years long OM-fw simulation.