Fig. 3: Joint histograms and updraught velocities for Puijo.
From: High sensitivity of cloud formation to aerosol changes
a, Measurements of (i) the Nd–CCN joint histograms with corresponding S values (and 95% confidence bounds), where the colour indicates probability (orange, low; black, high) and red circles show mean Nd values for a certain CCN bin and N indicates the number of data points; (ii) the measured and modelled p.d.f. for σw; the ratio of Nd to CCN plotted as a function of (iii) σw and CCN (iv) concentration, where the colour indicates probability intensity (orange, low; black, high). b–e, Corresponding results from the SALSA (b), HAM (c), NorESM (d) and UKESM (e) models. The set value of 10 cm−3 used as the lower limit for Nd is marked by the shaded area in b(i) and c(i).
