Extended Data Fig. 6: Velocity perturbation diagrams related to the dripping body, lithospheric anisotropy and the 1D reference velocity model.

a. Similar to Fig. 2c, but for V_P. b-c. Similar to Fig. 2a,b, but for V_P. d-f. Three additional V_S cross-sections that pass through the dripping body at different latitudes. Locations of the profiles are shown as white lines in a, and green geographic markers in a correspond to ones on top of the cross-sections. g-i. Similar to d-f, but for V_P. All V_S cross-sections extend to 900 km depths, while V_P ones only extend to 600 km due to the resolution (Extended Data Fig. 5). All cross-sections share a color bar beneath g-i. j-k. Like Fig. 2a,b, but for the radial anisotropy factor ξ (square of the ratio between SH and SV velocities) in the top 400 km depths. The color bar is beneath the two panels. Horizontally aligned features near Moho might be real or influenced by the assumed Moho depth in CRUST1.0⁶⁰. l-m. Mantle 1D reference V_S and V_P structures obtained by averaging the SATONA model (red lines). These models are used to convert absolute velocities to velocity perturbations. AK135⁹⁶ (blue lines) and PREM⁷⁸ (yellow lines) models are also shown for comparison.