Table 1 Demographics and clinical characteristics summary

From: Large-scale examination of early-age sex differences in neurotypical toddlers and those with autism spectrum disorder or other developmental conditions

 

ASD (F)

ASD (M)

TD (F)

TD (M)

DD (F)

DD (M)

n

339

1,200

252

349

129

349

Ethnicity

Hispanic/Latino (%)

40.1

37.2

20.6

20.6

45.7

46.4

Not Hispanic/Latino (%)

53.1

55.9

70.6

73.1

48.1

47.6

Unknown/not reported (%)

6.8

6.9

8.7

6.3

6.2

6.0

Race

American Indian/Alaska Native (%)

1.8

0.8

0

0.6

0

2.6

Asian (%)

14.2

13.8

6.7

13.2

10.1

6.6

Black/African American (%)

4.4

2.2

2.0

3.2

2.3

4.3

More than one race (%)

10.3

12.7

7.9

7.7

5.4

10.0

Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander (%)

1.2

1.3

1.2

1.1

0.8

2.0

Unknown/not reported (%)

18.6

17.6

13.9

9.7

22.5

22.9

White (%)

49.6

51.7

68.3

64.5

58.9

51.6

SES (median household income)a (US$)

94,413

99,057

103,122

109,313

92,299

89,577

Longitudinal analysis

ADOS (n)

341

1,198

253

346

  

Mean age ± s.d. (range) (months)

28.1 ± 8.0 (12.0–48.1)

29.3 ± 8.2 (12.0–48.4)

26.0 ± 10.1 (12.1–48.2)

25.2 ± 10.0 (12.0–48.5)

  

Vineland (n)

339

1,200

252

349

  

Mean age ± s.d. (range) (months)

27.9 ± 8.2 (12.0–48.1)

28.8 ± 8.1 (12.0–48.4)

25.4 ± 10.1 (12.0–48.2)

25.1 ± 10.1 (12.0–48.4)

  

MSEL (n)

339

1,192

239

338

  

Mean age ± s.d. (range) (months)

28.1 ± 8.2 (12.0–48.1)

29.2 ± 8.2 (12.0–48.4)

23.3 ± 9.1 (12.1–48.2)

23.7 ± 9.1 (11.9–48.5)

  

Primary analysis

ADOS (n)

282

924

253

346

129

346

Mean age ± s.d. (range) (months)

25.7 ± 6.7 (12.0–48.1)

26.2 ± 6.5 (12.0–47.2)

26.0 ± 10.1 (12.1–48.2)

25.2 ± 10.0 (12.0–48.5)

28.9 ± 9.9 (12.2–46.4)

27.9 ± 9.4 (12.1–47.2)

Vineland (n)

273

941

252

349

129

349

Mean age ± s.d. (range) (months)

25.4 ± 6.7 (12.0–48.1)

26.1 ± 6.6 (12.0–47.2)

25.4 ± 10.1 (12.0–48.2)

25.1 ± 10.1 (12.0–48.4)

28.7 ± 9.9 (12.0–46.4)

27.8 ± 9.5 (12.1–47.2)

MSEL (n)

207

667

239

338

130

347

Mean age ± s.d. (range) (months)

23.8 ± 6.8 (12.0–48.1)

24.2 ± 6.8 (12.0–47.2)

23.3 ± 9.1 (12.1–48.2)

23.7 ± 9.1 (11.9–48.5)

28.7 ± 9.9 (12.2–46.4)

27.9 ± 9.5 (12.1–47.2)

CDI–WG (n)

55

176

98

136

21

63

Mean age ± s.d. (range) (months)

15.2 ± 1.7 (12.1–17.7)

14.9 ± 1.7 (9.6–18.5)

14.9 ± 1.6 (12.5–18.5)

14.7 ± 1.6 (9.6–18.5)

14.9 ± 1.8 (12.2–18.3)

15.1 ± 1.7 (12.1–18.4)

CDI–WS (n)

141

482

108

161

13

69

Mean age ± s.d. (range) (months)

24.4 ± 3.1 (18.0–30.5)

24.8 ± 3.3 (15.6–30.5)

25.1 ± 3.4 (17.9–30.5)

24.5± 3.6 (16.4–30.5)

24.9 ± 2.4 (21.1–28.9)

24.2 ± 3.5 (18.6–30.1)

CSBS (n)

96

361

183

274

44

120

Mean age ± s.d. (range) (months)

16.2 ± 3.6 (11–24)

16.2 ± 4.0 (9–24)

16.2 ± 4.2 (10–24)

15.9 ± 4.0 (9–24)

17.6 ± 3.6 (12–24)

17.7 ± 3.5 (12–24)

GeoPref (n)

131

397

185

255

72

219

Mean age ± s.d. (range) (months)

27.3 ± 10.0 (12.3–48.1)

27.2 ± 9.8 (12.2–47.3)

26.6 ± 10.3 (11.9–48.1)

26.8 ± 9.7 (12.0–48.5)

26.5 ± 9.2 (12.2–46.4)

27.5 ± 9.5 (12.8–47.2)

Cluster analysis

 n

254

862

235

323

  

ADOS

Mean age ± s.d. (range) (months)

25.5 ± 6.8 (12.6–48.1)

26.0 ± 7.0 (12.6–47.2)

25.5 ± 9.0 (12.1–48.2)

26.89 ± 9.0 (12.0–48.5)

  

Vineland

Mean age ± s.d. (range) (months)

25.2 ± 6.8 (12.0–48.1)

25.7 ± 7.0 (12.0–47.2)

25.3 ± 9.0 (12.0–48.2)

26.7 ± 9.0 (12.0–48.5)

  

MSEL

Mean age ± s.d. (range) (months)

25.4 ± 6.8 (12.5–48.1)

25.9 ± 7.0 (12.4–47.2)

25.4 ± 9.1 (12.1–48.2)

26.8 ± 9.1 (12.0–48.5)

  
  1. aThe socioeconomic status (SES, as determined by household income) for 30 participants was not reported. Sample sizes may vary across tests due to differences in age ranges and/or the presence of missing data.
  2. Source data
Back to article page