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Bringing natural ecosystems into the bioecological model of human development

The bioecological model of human development is among the most influential frameworks in the social sciences. We argue that it is time to integrate natural ecosystems into this model. This approach will shape research, practice and policy to promote both healthy human development and an environmentally sustainable future.

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Fig. 1: Geo-bioecological model as interdependent nested structures.
Fig. 2: Geo-bioecological model as a spiral.

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Correspondence to Jorge Cuartas.

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Cuartas, J., Morris-Perez, P. Bringing natural ecosystems into the bioecological model of human development. Nat Hum Behav 10, 7–9 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-025-02334-y

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