Fig. 2: LRI mortality rate, number of deaths and clustering of risk among children under 5 in 2000 and 2017.

a,b, Estimated mean number of LRI deaths aggregated to the first-level administrative subdivision for 2000 (a) and 2017 (b). c,d, Estimated mean mortality rate per 1,000 children due to LRI aggregated to the first-level administrative subdivision for 2000 (c) and 2017 (d). e,f, z-scores as determined by the hotspot analysis for 2000 (e) and 2017 (f). Discontinuities in the colour scale at −3.8 and 3.8 correspond to locations identified as coldspots or hotspots, respectively (based on adjustments for multiple hypotheses tests). Areas with fewer than 10 people per 1 × 1 km2 or classified as ‘barren or sparsely vegetated’ are coloured in grey.