Extended Data Fig. 6: Bacterial load and composition in upper airways and lungs of non-antibiotic treated, antibiotic-treated and commensal consortia inoculated mice.

a, Total bacterial load and composition in adult mouse lung. Relative abundance of bacterial phyla adult mouse lung (each bar represents the means of n=5 animal). Experimental mouse groups are indicated on the left-hand side. From top to bottom, “–ABX” are mice before experimental manipulations; “+ABX” are mice which have been administered MNVA antibiotics in drinking water; “+Microbiota” are mice that have been administered MNVA antibiotics in drinking water and then transferred intestinal and upper airway microbiota. b, Total bacterial load and composition in adult mouse upper airway. Experimental mouse groups as in (a) with addition of consortia inoculated groups (for example “+Bacteroidetes”). These are mice administered MNVA antibiotics in drinking water and then intransally administered the indicated commensal consortium (as in Fig. 6). a,b, From left to right the data are: total 16s rRNA gene copies in upper airway lavage fluid or lung; relative abundance of bacterial phyla in upper airway lavage fluid or lung (each bar represents the means of n=5 animals); and 16s rRNA gene copies in upper airway lavage fluid from mice inoculated with indicated commensal consortia (for example, in the mice administered the “+Bacteroidetes”, “Consortia colonization” levels are the 16s rRNA gene copies for Bacteroidetes those mice). Statistical comparisons were by Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparison test, vertical lines indicate median values.