Extended Data Fig. 3: Growth rate distributions in diverse ecological communities and economic systems.
a, Annual growth rate distributions of North American bird populations16, marine species abundances22, publicly-traded company sales23 and university R&D expenditures24. Figures were adapted from their original text. Distributions of company sales and R&D expenditures were re-plotted for companies with initial dollar sales of more than one billion dollars and universities with large R&D expenditures (see refs. 23,24 for details). Lines are provided for visual purposes only. b, Residence time distributions of species from diverse ecosystems. Figures were adapted from ref. 63, with original data describing North American breeding bird species, estuarine fish species, and plant species collected from both prairie and forest ecosystems. Lines are provided for visual purposes only. c, Long-term drift of bird species abundances16 and North Atlantic fish stock abundances17. Figures were adapted from their original text.
