Extended Data Fig. 2: Mutational analysis of 42 representative SARS-CoV-2 genomes.

A multiple sequence alignment of 42 representative viral genomes consisting of the Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon, Iota, and D614G-carrying non-VOC/non-VOI lineages and including 3 genomes each from unvaccinated and unvaccinated cases per lineage was performed. Mutations including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and deletions (black lines) are shown using the Wuhan Hu-1 genome (NC_045512.2) as a reference. Arrows denote the locations of key mutations associated with decreased antibody neutralization (L452R and E484K) and increased infectivity (L452R and N501Y). The alignments are color-coded by lineage, with darker shades corresponding to genomes from vaccinated cases and lighter shades to genomes from unvaccinated cases.