Extended Data Fig. 9: Strain dynamics in control women.

Strain dynamics within all control participants; analogous to Fig. 3. (a) Phylogenetic tree comprising strains called by StrainGE across all stool and urine samples, colored by phylogroup. Bars show number of unique participants with at least one strain observation; bars are bolded if the strain was identified in at least one urine sample. Each strain identified in control women is uniquely identifiable by the phylogroup (colour) and ID (numeral) indicated right. (b) Each panel represents longitudinal strain dynamics within one patient. Numerals refer to strain identifiers in (a). All fecal strains are connected to their most recent previous observation in fecal samples. Diamonds denote clinical rectal swabs. Strains identified in urine outgrowth depicted if available; otherwise raw urine strains are shown. Fecal or urine samples with no detected E. coli strains represented by open grey symbols. Vertical dashed lines represent self-reported antibiotic use.