Fig. 3: Involving multiple pathogenic hosts expands the ARG repertoire.

a, Reproducibility of the pipeline. Venn diagram shows the number of ARGs detected in two biological replicate screens with K. pneumoniae. The intersection represents the ARGs isolated in both replicates, corresponding to an 83% reproducibility (Supplementary Table 6). b, Venn diagram showing the number of isolated ARGs using E. coli and the rest of the host species. When E. coli was used as the sole host, 43% of the total 114 ARGs remained undetected (Supplementary Table 6). c, Heat map showing gene families of the ARGs identified using the four host species. Colour code quantifies the number of identified ARGs belonging to the gene family (Supplementary Table 7). d, Number of ARGs identified in the four hosts across the three used resistomes (Supplementary Table 6). e, Number of mobile (depicted as HGT to denote the detection of involvement in horizontal gene transfer) and non-mobile (depicted as non-HGT to denote the lack of involvement in horizontal gene transfer) ARGs present on multiple and single contigs in the metagenomic libraries (two-sided Fisher’s exact test, P = 1.058 × 10⁻⁵, n = 114; Supplementary Table 6).