Fig. 5: Potential resistance to recently developed antibiotics.

a, The overall numbers of ARGs are statistically the same for ‘recent’ and ‘old’ antibiotics (two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P = 0.8051, n = 107 for ‘old’ and n = 114 for ‘recent’; Supplementary Table 7). b, The same is true for ARGs with established horizontal gene transfer events (P = 0.6106, two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test, n = 27 and 23 for ‘old’ and ‘recent’ antibiotics, respectively; Supplementary Table 7). c, Resistance mechanisms largely overlap between ‘old’ and ‘recent’ antibiotics belonging to the same drug classes. Heat map shows the clustering of the antibiotics based on the ARG profiles. Colour coding quantifies the number of detected ARGs that are grouped by mechanism. Data are available in Supplementary Table 7.