Extended Data Fig. 8: Improved elicitation of memory T cell responses upon weight loss pre-vaccination.

Lungs were harvested and homogenized into single cell suspensions and 1 × 10⁶ cells were stained for CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells at 7 days post-challenge and quantified via flow-cytometry. (a) Absolute number or (b) frequency of tissue resident CD4⁺ T (CD45_i.v.⁻ CD45⁺ CD3⁺ CD4⁺), T effector memory (T_EFM, CD45_i.v.⁻ CD45⁺ CD3⁺ CD4⁺ CD62L⁺ CD44⁻) and T central memory (T_CM, CD45_i.v.⁻ CD45⁺ CD3⁺ CD4⁺ CD62L⁺ CD44⁺) cells or CD8⁺ T (CD45_i.v.⁻ CD45⁺ CD3⁺ CD8⁺, always lean p = 0.0473), T_EFM (CD45_i.v.⁻ CD45⁺ CD3⁺ CD4⁺ CD62L⁺ CD44⁻), and T_CM (CD45_i.v.⁻ CD45⁺ CD3⁺ CD4⁺ CD62L⁺ CD44⁺, formerly obese p = 0.0171) cells. (c) Absolute number or (d) frequency of circulating CD4⁺ T (CD45_i.v.⁺ CD45⁻ CD3⁺ CD4⁺, always lean p = 0.0253), T effector memory (T_EFM, CD45_i.v.⁺ CD45⁻ CD3⁺ CD4⁺ CD62L⁺ CD44⁻, always lean p = 0.0069) and T central memory (T_CM, CD45_i.v.⁺ CD45⁻ CD3⁺ CD4⁺ CD62L⁺ CD44⁺, always lean p = 0.0028, p = 0.0004; formerly obese p < 0.0001) cells or CD8⁺ T (CD45_i.v.⁺ CD45⁻ CD3⁺ CD8⁺, always lean p = 0.0038, formerly obese p = 0.0292), T_EFM (CD45_i.v.⁺ CD45⁻ CD3⁺ CD4⁺ CD62L⁺ CD44⁻, always lean p = 0.0017), and T_CM (CD45_i.v.⁺ CD45⁻ CD3⁺ CD4⁺ CD62L⁺ CD44⁺, always lean p = 0.0045, p = 0.0019; formerly obese p < 0.0001) cells. Data include always obese, always lean, and mice that were formerly obese (n = 8, n = 7, n = 7 for each group, respectively) and graphed in as boxplots with comparisons made between diet groups via one-way ANOVA. Frequency values are calculated as compared to live singlets.

Source data