Fig. 3: The A. crateriforme–D. spatulata holobiont.
From: An acidophilic fungus promotes prey digestion in a carnivorous plant
a–c, SEM image of sundew stalk glands under sterile lab conditions (a), inoculated with A. crateriforme (b) and from wild samples from the natural habitat (c). Each condition was repeated once and images were retaken with similar results. Different arrow colours denote fungal conidiophores from which conidia were already detached (red), a conidium attached to the tip of a conidiophore (blue) and detached conidia (white). d, Reopening time of sundew traps with and without (control) supplementation with different substrates, or with inoculation with different microbiota. Each set contains a single leaf from five individual plants. The centre line represents the median, and the upper and lower bounds of the box represent the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The whiskers extend to 1.5 times the i.q.r. Median reopening time for touch, shrimp and wood in sundews with different microbiota are plotted as dashed lines (Extended Data Fig. 5). Unpaired two-tailed t-tests with multiple testing were performed (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001). e, Application of biotin-labelled BSA as a protein substrate during 16 h and 24 h of sundew digestion showing a decline in BSA with digestion using collected mucilage from sundews inoculated with different inocula. Each set contains five samples of pooled mucilage from a single sundew or entire wiped leaf surfaces of a single adjacent plant. Raw western blot images are shown in Supplementary Fig. 22. The centre line represents the median, and the upper and lower bounds of the box represent the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The whiskers extend to 1.5 times the i.q.r. Wilcoxon rank sum test with multiple testing was conducted (*P < 0.05).
