Extended Data Fig. 7: Effects of changes in TSEN model parameters on temperature-shift response dynamics.

a) Increasing the catalytic rate (\({k}_{i}\)) for each reaction in a bottlenecked minimal TSEN model (gray box) from 1 min⁻¹ to 1000 min⁻¹ has virtually no effect on the response. b) Effect of model parameters on the normalized response time to a temperature upshift from 27 °C to 37 °C in the minimal TSEN model (gray box) for each reaction (import, production, growth). The definitions of each parameter are provided in Fig. 4a. All other parameters were set to default values (vertical gray bars) in each simulation. Notably, increases in the activation energy of the \({K}_{M}\) of the production reaction produced the largest increase in response times across all activation energies (right). c) The analytically tractable production-less TSEN model (gray box, Supplementary Text) predicts a non-zero response time. The simulation used default parameters (\({k}_{i}\)= 1 min⁻¹, \({K}_{M}\) = 1 mM, \({E}_{a}^{{cat}}\) = 15 kcal/mol, \({E}_{a}^{M}\)= 15 kcal/mol), with the exception of the Michaelis-Menten constant of the second reaction \({K}_{1}\,\)= 20 mM. d) Normalized response time increases with increased activation energy of \({K}_{1}\) in the production-less TSEN model (gray box). e) Normalized response time increases with increased \({K}_{1}\) in the production-less TSEN model (gray box). f) Normalized response time was between 1 and 2 doublings when the cutoff used to define the adaptation was increased from 95% to 99% of the steady-state growth rate difference in the production-less TSEN model (gray box). g) Arrhenius plot of steady-state growth rate across temperatures predicted by the minimal TSEN model (gray box) exhibits slightly non-linear behavior.