Extended Data Fig. 4: Gating strategy for flow cytometry analysis.

After single-cell gating of different intestinal immune populations: (a) Innate lymphoid cells group 1 (ILC1) isolated from the small intestine epithelium were characterized as Lin-T-bet+ IFN-γ+ cells. Commercial BD PerCP-Cy™5.5 Mouse Lineage Antibody Cocktail was used for lineage containing: CD3ε, CD45R/B220, Ter119, Gr1,Ly6c, Cd11b. (b) Macrophages isolated from small intestine lamina propria were characterized as pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1): F4/80 + CD80+ iNOS+ cells and alternative activated macrophages (M2): F4/80 + CD206+ Arg1+ cells, (c) Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) isolated from the small intestine epithelium were characterized as induced IELs: CD45 + CD3 + CD2 + CD5 + TCRαβ+ cells and natural IELs: CD45 + CD3 + CD2-CD5-TCRγδ+, (d) T regulatory cells (T reg) isolated from the small intestine lamina propria were characterized as: CD19-CD3 + CD4 + CD25+Foxp3+ cells.