Extended Data Fig. 6: The effect of Giardia chronicity in the co-infection with T. gondii.
(a) Bioluminescent detection in photons/sec/cm2 shows Toxoplasma burden in vivo (7 d.p.T.i.) in mice co-infected (n = 18) or not (n = 18) with Giardia GS/M strain three days before. (b) Scatter plot graphs indicating the frequency of Th1 (FoxP3−Tbet+), total Treg (FoxP3+), GATA3+ Treg (GATA3+FoxP3+), Th2 (GATA3−Foxp3+), and IL-10+ Th2 (FoxP3−GATA3+IL-10+) cells in the small intestine lamina propria of naĂ¯ve (n = 4), Giardia- (three days before, d-3) (n = 4), Toxoplasma- (n = 4), or Giardia (d-3)+Toxoplasma-infected (n = 4) mice 4 days post-Toxoplasma infection (4 d.p.T.i.). Gated on Live CD45+TCRβ+CD4+. (c) IL-10 levels in the proximal small intestine of naĂ¯ve (n = 4) and Giardia-chronically infected (n = 5 per group) mice (4 weeks post-infection, 4 wks). (d) Representative image of H&E staining of the proximal small intestine from naĂ¯ve, Toxoplasma-, Giardia (d-3)+Toxoplasma-, or Giardia (4 wks)+Toxoplasma-infected mice (8 days-post Toxoplasma infection). Scale bars represent 100 μm. Data are represented as mean ± SEM for each time point and significance was calculated with one-way ANOVA test followed by Sidak’s multiple comparisons test. *p≤0.05, **p≤0.01, ***p≤0.001. Data are representative of two independent (a-b) and one (c-d) experiment.
