Fig. 3: Projected changes in annual phytoplankton biomass production between pre-industrial (1860) and future (2090–2100) conditions, based on alterations in temperature, nutrient supply, mixing and ocean circulation anticipated under a moderate and high warming scenario.
From: Future ocean warming may cause large reductions in Prochlorococcus biomass and productivity
a–f, Latitudinal change (%) in depth-integrated biomass production for Prochlorococcus (a,b), Synechococcus (c,d) and all other phytoplankton (e,f) using either a standard exponential curve (grey) or a metabolic reaction approach (red) that relates the Prochlorococcus division rate to temperature, with shading representing longitudinal variation from the mean (s.d.). g–r, The corresponding maps illustrate the percentage change in depth-integrated annual biomass production for Prochlorococcus (g–j), Synechococcus (k–n) and all other phytoplankton (o–r) projected under the two thermal norm assumptions and two climate scenarios. The white areas in d–i indicate that the phytoplankton type does not exist in those regions either pre-industrially or by the end of the century. Values of 100% increase indicate an expansion in the geographical range.
