Fig. 3: Formation of liquid seeds in the TPD interlayer during annealing above Tg.

a, Evolution of the cumulative number of nuclei per unit area. No uncertainty is considered for the absolute discrete number of nuclei. The inset shows a number of new nuclei that appear in each AFM image per unit area (black symbols) and per unit area of untransformed glass (blue symbols). The error bars in the inset is propagated from the error in the calculation of the transformed fraction (Fig. 4b). b, A spatial map at 90% of transformation obtained from AFM images showing mobility regions where glass relaxes directly into the liquid. The colour code reflects the time of formation; t = 0 marks the time at which the temperature reaches 349 K. The first soft spots appear after 2 h.