Extended Data Fig. 8: The disorder-to-laning transition is mediated by friction anisotropy.
From: Emergence of bidirectional cell laning from collective contact guidance
a: In particle-based simulations, friction anisotropy hs guides the particles along the x axis and gives rise to patterns very similar to the ones observed in experiments. Bivariate histograms of \(({\hat{v}}_{x},{\hat{v}}_{y})\) for increasing values of hs show a transition from a ring distribution (preferred speed and random orientations) to a bimodal distribution (preferred speed and orientation along the easy axis). See Extended Data Fig. 9 for a comparison with experiments. b: Velocity profile along the line drawn in panel A, for hs = 3. The profile is square and aperiodic, as it is in the experiments (Figure 1g, Extended Data Fig. 2b, c). c: Cumulative probability distribution function of the lane width w for various values of the friction anisotropy hs. For each value of hs, the distribution is obtained from 5 repeats of the simulation. For the sake of clarity, only the average values have been plotted. Black line: isotropic friction (hs = 1). d: Average lane width \(\bar{w}\) as a function of the guidance order parameter S. As the order increase, \(\bar{w}\) sharply increases at the transition (\(S\) ~ 0.4) and then decreases. Data are presented as mean values +/- SD (5 repeats). Parameters used in the numerical simulations are listed in Supplementary Table 1. ks = 6.
