Extended Data Fig. 6: Crypt morphological bistability with force-sensitivity.
From: Mechanochemical bistability of intestinal organoids enables robust morphogenesis
A. Left, schematic of force-sensing mechanism, with crypt cell in-plane stretch ratio \({\lambda }_{{\rm{c}}}\) defined. Right, influence of force-sensitivity (\(n\)) on the energy landscape (\(\sigma =0.1\), infinite volume), showing qualitatively similar features as curvature-sensing. B. Phase diagram of crypt morphology with force-sensation. C, D. Fitting of force-sensitivity. Apical to basal Myh9–GFP intensity ratio and crypt cell height (or thickness) after lumen inflation are normalized by their values before inflation (bulged samples, N = 24). The fitting curve is \(y={x}^{b/2}\,\), with the fitting parameter \(b\) used to infer force-sensitivity \(n\). Fittings the mean values (squares, panel C) and raw data (dots, panel D) give similar best-fit values (see SI Note section 4.1 for details). Error bars (panel C) represent SD, the shaded region (panel D) represents 95% confidence interval. E. Predicted influence of sensitivity factor \(n\) on the bistability threshold of tension asymmetry \({\epsilon }\), and comparison with experimental data of bulged (N = 11) and budded (N = 28) samples for the best-fit value \(n=1.7\) from panel C.
