Fig. 1: Yielding diagram under active driving.
From: Yielding behaviour of active particles in bulk and in confinement
a, Amorphous solids subject to active forces display annealing to lower energies for high-energy initial configurations for small active forces, with the degree of annealing diminished or absent for lower-energy initial states. The average steady-state energies, 〈PE/N〉, are shown. A common, ergodic, fluidized state is observed above a critical value of active forces. These observations are analogous to those observed for yielding under cyclic shear deformation. b,c, Steady-state energies for energy at zero strain in strain-controlled cyclic shear (b) and at zero applied shear stress in stress-controlled cyclic shear simulations (c). d, Yielding transition is accompanied by a saturation of the active stress, computed as explained in the Methods. e, Measured shear stress \({\sigma }_{xy}^{{\rm{max}}}\) at strain amplitude γmax for strain-controlled cyclic shear. The vertical dashed green line is an estimate of the yield strain and the horizontal dashed blue line is an estimate of the yield stress. f, Applied maximum shear stress \({\sigma }_{xy}^{\max}\) versus the measured value \({\gamma }_{\max}=\gamma ({\sigma }_{xy}={\sigma }_{xy}^{\max})-\gamma ({\sigma }_{xy}=0)\) in stress-controlled cyclic shear simulations.
