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Immune reset and immune retune: approaching cure?

Nature Reviews Rheumatology (2026)Cite this article

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The emergence of potent depletion therapies for the treatment of refractory autoimmunity has led to the concept of immune reset. Understanding whether immune reset equates to cure, and whether cure is achievable through non-depleting approaches, depends on the identification of immune biomarkers for measuring healthy and pathological immunity.

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Fig. 1: Strategies for tackling B cell autoreactivity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

    John D. Isaacs

  2. Musculoskeletal Unit, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

    John D. Isaacs

  3. NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

    John D. Isaacs

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  1. John D. Isaacs
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Correspondence to John D. Isaacs.

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Competing interests

J.D.I. has received research grants from Pfizer, Janssen and GSK, and has consulted for Abbvie, BMS, Astra Zeneca, Dragonfly Therapeutics, Eli Lilly, Istesso, Roche, AnaptysBio, Ono Pharma, Quell Therapeutics, Sanofi Aventis, Sonoma and UCB Bio.

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Isaacs, J.D. Immune reset and immune retune: approaching cure?. Nat Rev Rheumatol (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-026-01357-7

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