Extended Data Fig. 9: ADP-Hep but not HBP induces Alpk1-dependent cytokine expression in mice.
From: Alpha-kinase 1 is a cytosolic innate immune receptor for bacterial ADP-heptose

HBP or ADP-LD-Hep (2 mg kg–1) or the saline control were injected into the dorsal air pouches of wild-type (a–d) or Alpk1−/− (d) mice (C57BL/6). n (biologically independent animals) = 5 for each group of treatment. Cytokine profiling was determined by the multiplex immunoassay (a–c) or ELISA (d). a, b, Heat maps of indicated cytokine concentrations in the air pouch (a) and the serum (b) of injected mice. c, d, Cytokine concentrations in the serum shown as mean ± s.e.m. (two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns, not significant). All data are representative of two independent experiments.