Extended Data Fig. 3: Community woodiness and evergreenness over space and time.

a, b, Variation in community woodiness (a) and evergreenness (b) across space with summer temperature and soil moisture. Community woodiness is the abundance-weighted proportion of woody species versus all other plant species in the community. Community evergreenness is the abundance-weighted proportion of evergreen shrubs versus all shrub species (deciduous and evergreen). The evergreen model was generated using a reduced number of sites (98 instead of 117), because some sites did not have any woody species (and it was thus not possible to calculate a proportion of evergreen species). Both temperature and moisture were important predictors of community woodiness and evergreenness. The 95% credible interval for a temperature × moisture interaction term overlapped zero in both models (−0.100 to 0.114 and −0.201 to 0.069 for woodiness and evergreenness, respectively). c, d, There was no change over time in woodiness (c) or evergreenness (d). Thin lines represent slopes per site (woodiness, n = 117 sites; evergreenness, n = 98 sites). In all panels, bold lines indicate overall model predictions and shaded ribbons designate 95% credible intervals on these model predictions.