Extended Data Fig. 8: The flow past a porous disk using direct numerical simulations and boundary integral methods.
From: A separated vortex ring underlies the flight of the dandelion
a–c, The axial velocity uz/U (a), pressure p/ρU2 (b) and streamlines (c), showing the presence of an SVR with upstream and downstream stagnation points zsu and zsd, respectively. d, The reduction in the drag force on filaments within an array moving at slow speeds calculated using a boundary integral method. The force Di on the ith filament of a rectangular pappus, divided by the drag force for an isolated filament D0.
