Extended Data Fig. 8: The blue anthocyanidin and its potential biosynthesis pathway in N. colorata.
From: The water lily genome and the early evolution of flowering plants
a, The peak of the blue anthocyanidin appears at 3 min of the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detection. b, The three fragments of the blue anthocyanidin and their molecule mass. c, The molecule of the anthocyanidin was identified as delphinidin 3′-O-(2″-O-galloyl-6″-O-acetyl-β-galactopyranoside), abbreviated as Dp3′galloyl-acetylGal. d, The postulated pathway for the biosynthesis of Dp3′galloyl-acetylGal. Gene copy numbers are listed next to the enzymes. 3GGT, anthocyanidin 3-O-glucoside-2″-O-glucosyltransferase; 3′GT, 3′-O-beta-glucosyltranferase; 5AT, anthocyanin-5-aromatic acyltransferase; ANS, anthocyanidin synthase; CHI, chalcone isomerase; CHS, chalcone synthase; DFR, dihydroflavonol-4-reductase; F3H, flavanone-3-hydroxylase; F3′5′H, flavonoid-3′,5′-hydroxylase. e, Comparative transcriptomic analyses between the blue- and white-petal cultivars of N. colorata identified two genes, ANS and UDPGT, that are highly differentially expressed and might be potential regulators for blue coloration of the petals.
