Fig. 3: Schematic of the multilevel mechanisms of dampened inflammasome activation in bats.
From: Lessons from the host defences of bats, a unique viral reservoir
a, In human or mouse, pattern recognition receptor (PRR) priming and subsequent activation by RNA viruses, danger signals or intracellular double-stranded DNA activate the NLRP3 or AIM2 inflammasome with intact ASC speck formation, pyroptosis and IL-1β secretion. b, By contrast, bats have dampened transcriptional priming (1) and reduced protein function (2) for NLRP3, loss of PYHIN including AIM2 (3), and reduced caspase-1 activity (4) and/or IL-1β cleavage (5), which leads to an overall reduction in inflammation.
