Extended Data Fig. 3: Dietary serine and glycine restriction alters tumour growth and ceramide metabolism.
From: Serine restriction alters sphingolipid diversity to constrain tumour growth
a, HCT116 xenograft size in mice fed control (n = 16) or −SG (n = 15 day 21) diet. b, Plasma amino acids from mice fed control (n = 8) or −SG (n = 7) diet. c, d, Abundances of deoxyDHCER (c) and deoxyCER (d) in HCT116 xenograft tumours (n = 8 each diet). e, Abundances of total sphingolipid species in the livers from HCT116 tumour-bearing mice fed control or −SG diet (n = 8 each diet). DHCER, dihydroceramide. f–i, Abundances of DHCER (f), CER (g), sphingomyelins (h) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) (i) in HCT116 xenografts from mice fed control or −SG diet (n = 8 each diet). j, HT29 xenograft size in mice fed control (n = 16), −SG (n = 16) or −SG+A (n = 14) diets. k, Plasma amino acids in mice in j fed control (n = 8), −SG (n = 8) or −SG+A (n = 7) diets. l, Tumour amino acids from mice in j fed control (n = 7), −SG (n = 8) or −SG+A (n = 7). m, Deoxysphinganine and summed ceramide species in HT29 xenograft tumours from mice fed control (n = 16), −SG (n = 16) or −SG+A diets (n = 14). n, Abundances of lactosylceramides in HT29 xenograft tumours from mice fed control (n = 16), −SG (n = 16) or −SG+A diets (n = 14). o, Gpt1 and Gpt2 expression in liver tissue of mice fed control, −SG or −SG+A diets (n = 8 for each). p, Nucleotide phosphate abundances in HCT116 xenograft tumours from mice fed control, −SG or −SG+A diets (n = 8 for each). q, Reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and GSH/GSSG measurements of HCT116 xenograft tumours from mice fed control, −SG or −SG+A diets (n = 8 each). Two-sided Student’s t-test (b–i, p, q) or two-way ANOVA (a, j–o) was performed, with no adjustment for multiple comparison. Data are mean ± s.e.m. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.0001 or #P < 0.0001.
