Extended Data Fig. 5: GC and PB responses to influenza virus vaccine are functionally diverse.

a–c, Influenza virus protein microarray binding of H1- (a), H3- (b) and influenza B/HA- (c) binding monoclonal antibodies generated from singly sorted PBs and GC B cells that overlapped clonally (purple) or did not overlap (red and blue) from the indicated participant. Scale bar represents median fluorescence intensity. Asterisks denote HAI⁺ monoclonal antibodies. Vaccine strains in bold type; underlined strains circulated in humans in participants’ lifetimes. d, Percentages of monoclonal antibodies that bound two or more HA strains from participants 04, 05 and 11 from GC clones that did not participate in the early PB response (blue), clones that participated in both GC and early PB responses (purple), and from PB clones not found in GCs (red). Numbers of monoclonal antibodies are indicated in the middle of the charts. e, Polyclonal epitopes of Fabs from plasma at indicated time points from participants 04, 05 and 11 with HA from A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016. Epitopes were determined by 3D reconstructions and/or 2D class averages (images to bottom right of 3D reconstructions). HA proteins shown in grey; Fabs shown in multiple colours; Fabs with dashed outlines have predicted epitopes due to limited particle representation. f, g, Example 2D class averages of immune complexes from participants 04, 05 and 11 plasma with HA from A/Michigan/45/2015 (f) and A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 (g). h, i, Monoclonal and polyclonal epitopes of immune complexes with HA from A/Michigan/45/2015 (h) or A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 (i) and Fabs generated from indicated GC monoclonal antibodies in blue or purple mesh and plasma polyclonal antibodies in red. Fabs with dashed outlines have predicted epitopes due to limited particle representation. j, k, Example 2D class averages of immune complexes from the indicated mAb with HA from A/Michigan/45/2015 (j) and A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 (k).