Extended Data Fig. 1: Ripple-triggered functional MRI responses in the macaque brain.

a, SWR-Triggered Peri-Event time courses. Typically cortical and subcortical brain regions are up and down modulated respectively, at the time of ripple-occurrence. b, Observed was a consistent (in every single experimental session) and robust down-modulation of Pons, LGN-Pulvinar (Pul) and the foveal and perifoveal regions of the primary visual cortex (V1). c, Average time courses of every brain regions of interest (ROI) in the peri-ripple epochs. d, Mean ripple-triggered fMRI responses in Pons, LGN-Pul and striate cortex, calculated based on the multiple regression (General Linear Model, that is, GLM) method selecting voxels by fitting a linear combination of two response models of different start points by 4 s. Trials with positive or negative BOLD responses (PBR or NBR) were selected with GLM only by for pons (Pontine Region and Parabrachial Nucleus). The selected PBR- and NBR trials were used to plot the responses in LGN and Striate Cortex. Left most plot shows the overall response in pons, that is, the average of all trials, just as it is shown in c. Middle and right most plots show the average response of the three structures for PBR- and NBR-Trials respectively. Shaded areas indicate SEM. Abbreviations: LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, HP Hippocampus, PontReg Pontine Region Including Parabrachial Nucleus, fV1 – pfV1 Foveal, parafoveal and perifoveal striate cortex (V1).