Extended Data Fig. 4: Maps of the mean flux averaged over the four inversions for CFC-11, CFC-12 and CCl₄.

a–i, The mean spatial distribution of the mean fluxes are for CFC-11 (a–c), CFC-12 (d–f), and CCl₄ (g–i) from the four inversions for the periods 2008–2012 (top row; a, d, g); 2014–2017 (middle row; b, e, h), and 2019 (bottom row; c, f, i). The black triangle and circle indicate the Gosan and Hateruma stations, respectively, which are the measurement sites used to derive the emissions. The hatched areas indicate regions of the domain to which the observations have low sensitivity, and therefore, from which the derived emissions have high uncertainty⁴. Only emission magnitudes for the non-hatched regions are included in the values quoted in the main text. The different spatial distributions for the three gases reflect different emissions distributions from their respective banks (primarily for CFC-11 and CFC-12), or differences in production-related emissions (for example, the production of chloromethanes is thought to be a substantial source for CCl₄, but not for CFC-11 and CFC-12)¹⁶.