Extended Data Fig. 9: An inflammatory cellular polarization of T cells can be found in liver biopsies from patients with NAFLD or NASH.

a, b, Flow cytometry plots and quantification of patient-liver-derived PD1⁺CD8⁺ T cells (a), and correlation of PD1⁺CD8⁺ T cells with BMI, NAS and ALT for healthy participants and patients with NAFLD or NASH (b) (Supplementary Table 1; healthy controls n = 8; NAFLD/NASH n = 16 patients). c–e, Flow cytometry plot of FMO control (c), quantification of patient-liver-derived PD1⁺CD8⁺ T cells (d), and quantification of CD4, CD8, γδ, NK and NK T cells from healthy participants or patients with NAFLD or NASH (e) (Supplementary Table 1: healthy controls n = 8; NAFLD/NASH n = 16 patients). f, g, Heat map showing median marker expression (f) and quantification of the defined CD45⁺ subsets from Fig. 3c (g) by flow cytometry derived from hepatic biopsies from control participants and patients with NAFLD or NASH to define distinct marker expression (Supplementary Table 2: control individuals n = 6; NAFLD/NASH n = 11 patients). h–j, HSNE representation of defined T cell subsets (h), marker expression (i) and quantification of CD8⁺CD103⁺PD1⁺ cells (j) in liver-derived T cells from control individuals and patients with NAFLD or NASH analysed by cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) (control n = 11 individuals pooled in 3 analyses; NAFLD/NASH n = 16 patients pooled in 5 analyses). k, l, Selected average marker expression in CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell subsets (k) and differential gene expression of CD8⁺PD1⁺ versus CD8⁺ T cells and CD4⁺PD1⁺ versus CD4⁺ T cells by scRNA-seq (l) for control individuals and patients with NAFLD or NASH (control n = 4 individuals; NAFLD/NASH n = 7 patients). All data are shown as mean ± s.e.m. All data were analysed by two-tailed Mann–Whitney test.

Source data