Fig. 4: PD1 and PDL1 targeted immunotherapy in advanced HCC has a distinct effect depending on disease aetiology.
From: NASH limits anti-tumour surveillance in immunotherapy-treated HCC
a, Meta-analysis of 1,656 patients (Supplementary Table 7). Immunotherapy was initially assessed and then analysed according to disease aetiology: non-viral (NASH and alcohol intake) vs viral (HBV and HCV) (top). Heterogeneity: τ2 = 0.00; χ2 = 0.14, degrees of freedom (d.f.) = 2 (P = 0.93); I2 = 0%. Test for overall effect: Z = 0.87 (P = 0.39). Separate meta-analyses were subsequently performed for each of the three aetiologies: non-viral (NASH and alcohol intake), HCV and HBV (bottom). Heterogeneity: τ2 = 0.03; χ2 = 3.67, d.f. = 2 (P = 0.16); I2 = 46%. Test for overall effect: Z = 3.13 (P = 0.002). Diamonds represent estimated overall effect based on the meta-analysis random effect of all trials. Inverse variance and random effects methods were used to calculate HRs, 95% CIs, P values, and the test for overall effect; calculations were two-sided. b, NAFLD is associated with a worse outcome in patients with HCC treated with PD(L)1-targeted immunotherapy. A total of 130 patients with advanced HCC received PD(L)1-targeted immunotherapy (Supplementary Table 8). c, Validation cohort of patients with HCC treated with PD(L)1-targeted immunotherapy. A total of 118 patients with advanced HCC received PD(L)1-targeted immunotherapy (Supplementary Table 10). b, c, Log-rank test. Details of sample sizes, biological replicates and statistical tests are given in Methods and Source Data.
