Extended Data Fig. 7: Antibody responses elicited by a non-assembling immunogen.
From: Quadrivalent influenza nanoparticle vaccines induce broad protection
a, Model of the I53_dn5B trimer, with the computationally designed interface that drives nanoparticle assembly indicated by the solid line (top), and the 1na0C3_int2 trimer, in which the interface mutations were reverted to their original identities (bottom). The dotted line indicates the inability of this molecule to drive nanoparticle assembly. b, Analytical SEC of the non-assembling immunogen (a mixture of four HA-1na0C3_int2 trimers with pentameric I53_dn5A) using a Superose 6 Increase 10/300 GL column. Only unassembled oligomeric components were observed. c, Reducing and non-reducing SDS–PAGE analysis of the non-assembling immunogen before and after analytical SEC. d, Negative-stain electron microscopy of the non-assembling immunogen, which confirmed the absence of higher-order structures indicated by analytical SEC. Scale bar, 100 nm. e, Immunization scheme in mice. All immunizations were given intramuscularly with AddaVax. Groups of BALB/cJ mice (n = 10) were used in the experiment. f, Microneutralization titres in immune sera against vaccine-matched or slightly mismatched viruses. Microneutralization titres are reported as IC50 values. g, Cross-reactive antibody titres in immune sera. Each symbol represents an individual animal, and the horizontal bar indicates the geometric mean of the group. P values were determined by nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis tests with Dunn’s multiple comparisons. All experiments were performed once.
