Extended Data Fig. 6: Effect of drugs on Ca²⁺ oscillations.

a, Amplitude of calcium transient peaks per group of 4 GCaMP⁺ cells in average in at least twelve 180 μm² ROI per condition. Vero cells co-transfected with GCaMP6s and either an empty vector (grey bars) or with spike protein (green bars) and treated with the specified drugs. Data are expressed as ΔF/F; boxes denote the 25th–75th percentiles and median, whiskers denote the minimum–maximum values; **P < 0.01, Kruskal–Wallis, two-sided, with Dunn’s correction for multiple comparisons. b, Distribution of transient frequencies of single cells in 400 min analysis. Data are expressed as percentage of cells. Results from at least 50 cells per condition are shown. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, Kruskal–Wallis, two-sided, with Dunn’s correction for multiple comparisons. c, Calcium transients over time in Vero cells co-transfected with GCaMP6s and either an empty vector (left) or with spike (right) and the indicated treatment. Data are expressed as ΔF/F over time (min); every line is one of at least twelve 180 μm² ROI per condition, representing a group of 4 GCaMP⁺ cells on average. d, Amplitude of calcium transient peaks per group of 4 GCaMP⁺ cells on average in at least 12 180 μm² ROI per condition. Vero cells co-transfected with GCaMP6s and either an empty vector (grey bars) or with spike (green bars) and treated as indicated. Data are expressed as ΔF/F; boxes as in a. **P < 0.01, Kruskal–Wallis, two-sided, with Dunn’s correction for multiple comparisons.