Extended Data Fig. 4: Analysis of immune responses post SARS-CoV-2 challenge.

a, SARS-CoV-2 viral load in pharynges measured using subgenomic PCR. The numbers within the plots denote number of infected animals per total number of animals within each group. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences in comparison to the no vaccine control group determined using two-sided Mann–Whitney rank-sum (**P = 0.008). b, Clinical parameters measured on the day of challenge, 2 days, 1-, 2- and 3-weeks post SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Body weight (kg), body temperature (°F), Oxygen saturation (SpO₂) and respiratory rate (BPM) are shown in first, second, third and fourth rows, respectively. c, Serum nAb titres (plotted as reciprocal IC₅₀) determined using a SARS-CoV-2 S pseudovirus entry assay on the day of challenge, 1, 2 and 3 weeks post challenge. The black line represents the geometric mean of all data points. The circle and triangle shape of the points represent animals protected or infected (in any compartment, that is, nares, pharynges or BAL), respectively. N = 4 for no vaccine and O/W groups and 5 for all other groups. d, FDG activity in the lungs of two animals from each group indicated in the legend, pre-challenge (day 0) and post-challenge (day 4 or 5 after infection), measured using PET–CT scans. e, PET–CT images obtained from the lungs of SARS-CoV-2 infected animals from no vaccine, AS03, or CpG-Alum groups pre-challenge (day 0) and post-challenge (day 4 or 5). PET signal is scaled 0 to 15 SUV and shown in red. Each symbol represents an animal.