Extended Data Fig. 9: Mucosal SARS-CoV-2 IgG responses in BAL and nasal wash fluids before and after SARS-CoV-2 challenge.
From: Neutralizing antibody vaccine for pandemic and pre-emergent coronaviruses
a, ELISA binding titres for SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG in 10× BAL fluid from macaques immunized with (blue symbols, left column) RBD–scNP three times or S-2P mRNA-LNP twice and RBD–scNP once (red symbols, left column). Day −7 BAL fluid was collected at week 10 or 16 for the RBD–scNP-alone group or the S-2P mRNA-LNP and RBD–scNP group, respectively. Group mean ± s.e.m. are shown (n = 5 macaques). b–d, The 10× BAL fluid blocking of ACE2, RBD neutralizing antibody DH1041 and cross-nAb DH1047 binding to SARS-CoV-2 D614G stabilized spike ectodomain. A black horizontal bar indicates the group mean blocking percentage. Blocking above 20% (above the dashed line) is considered positive. e, Neat nasal wash fluid from RBD–scNP-immunized or S-2P mRNA-LNP- and RBD–scNP-immunized macaques. Day −7 nasal wash fluid was collected at week 16 and 2 and 4 days after challenge for the S-2P mRNA-LNP and RBD–scNP group. Nasal wash fluid was unavailable for the RBD–scNP group before challenge, but was collected 2 and 4 days after the week-11 challenge. Group mean ± s.e.m. is shown (n = 5).
