Extended Data Fig. 8: Acetate and E. coli synergistically regulate T cell functions to facilitate IgA production ex vivo and in vitro.
From: Acetate differentially regulates IgA reactivity to commensal bacteria
a, Bcl6 mRNA expression in CD4 T cells sorted from MLN cells co-stimulated ex vivo with heat-killed bacteria and 5 mM sodium acetate for 4 h (n = 3 per group). b, IgA concentrations in culture supernatants of B cells with CD11c+ cells and with (n = 5 per group) or without (n = 3 versus 4) CD4 T cells, and co-stimulated with heat-killed bacteria and sodium acetate for 7 days. c, IgA concentrations in culture supernatants of CD19+IgD+ B cells and CD11c+ cells with CD4 T cells from wild-type mice, and co-stimulated with 0.1 μg ml−1 of LPS and sodium acetate for 7 days (n = 10 per group). d, IgA concentrations in culture supernatants of CD19+IgD+ B cells and CD11c+ cells with CD4 T cells from Myd88−/−Ticam1−/− mice, and co-stimulated with 0.1 μg ml−1 of LPS and sodium acetate for 7 days (n = 5 per group). e, Aldh1a2 mRNA expression in CD11c+ cells sorted from MLN cells co-stimulated ex vivo with heat-killed bacteria and 5 mM sodium acetate for 4 h (n = 3 per group). a–e, Data are mean and s.d. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test (a, e) and Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s test (b–d). Pooled data from two independent experiments (c). Exact P values are provided in the Source Data.
