Fig. 4: Single-cell transcriptional response to BNT162b2 vaccination.
From: Systems vaccinology of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in humans
a, UMAP representation of cell types identified by single-cell transcriptional profiling. b, Feature plots across time points, showing cluster C8 in red. c, Frequency of C8 as a proportion of Lin−HLA-DR+ cell clusters (C3, C4, C7, C8, C11 and C13). Each dot or line represents an individual. Blue and red indicate female and male participants, respectively. d, UMAP representation of subclusters within C8 resolved using Louvain clustering. e, Heat map showing Euclidean distance between C8 subclusters and the rest of the cell types identified by single-cell profiling. f, DEGs determined between C8_2 and C8_1, and their closest cell clusters ranked by fold change between C8 and their parental clusters, are plotted. Genes in red, green and blue represent genes upregulated, unchanged and downregulated, respectively, in the C8 subcluster as compared to its closest parental cluster. g, Heat map showing scaled expression of key interferon-response and AP-1 transcription factors. h, Heat map showing an extended set of genes from ref. 25 that showed enhanced accessibility on day 42 after H5N1 + AS03 vaccination. i, Significantly enriched interferon BTMs (FDR < 0.05, absolute NES > 2) across clusters over time. Days 1 and 7 were compared against day 0; days 22 and 28 were compared against day 21.
