Fig. 4: Projection mapping with single-cell resolution using BARseq.

a, log-transformed projection patterns of 10,299 neurons mapped in the motor cortex. Rows indicate single neurons and columns indicate projection areas. See Supplementary Information for a detailed list of dissection areas. Colour bar indicates log of barcode counts. b, Scatter plot of soma locations of the mapped neurons in the cortex. The x-axis indicates relative medial–lateral positions, and the y-axis indicates laminar depth. Neurons are coloured by major classes as indicated. c, Mean projection strengths of the indicated subgroups. Rows indicate projection areas and columns indicate subgroups. Top, dendrogram constructed from the distance of mean projection patterns, with major classes and splits indicated. Bottom, histograms of the laminar distribution of subgroups. Sublayer identities as defined in Fig. 1d are indicated on the right, and sublayer boundaries are indicated by dashed lines. d, The most enriched subgroup (yellow) and the second most enriched subgroup (light blue) in each sublayer. e, Probabilities of projections to the ipsilateral MOs in IT neurons with (top) or without (bottom) contralateral MOs projections in layers L3 to L5b-d. f, The differences in probability for projection X in the indicated sublayer, conditioned on whether the neuron projects to Y. g, Cartoon model showing restricted IT projections in superficial layers and broad IT projections in deep layers. Thal, thalamus. OB, main olfactory bulb. Sp, spinal cord. ITc, intratelencephalic neurons with contralateral projections. ITi, intratelencephalic neurons with only ipsilateral projections.