Extended Data Fig. 10: GPAM mutations in patients with chronic liver disease.

a, Distribution of somatic mutations in GPAM according to genomic location. Pie charts show fraction of sequencing reads reporting the mutant allele in each microdissection. b, Phylogenetic trees and clone maps are shown for a biopsy from PD37111 with GPAM mutations. The left panel shows the phylogenetic tree, with coloured branches showing independently acquired driver mutations. Solid lines indicate that nesting is in accordance with the pigeonhole principle; dashed lines indicate that nesting is in accordance with the pigeonhole principle, assuming that hepatocytes represent < 100% of cells. The right panel shows the clones from the phylogenetic tree mapped onto an H&E-stained photomicrograph of the liver, with mutant clones coloured to match the tree.