Extended Data Fig. 2: Neural activation pattern following food infusion and refeeding in mice.

(a-c) Experimental design for Targeted Recombination of Activated Populations (TRAP) labelling of neurons activated by water infusion (IG water), Ensure infusion (IG Ensure) or refeeding (Refed) in Fos2A::iCreER; Ai9 mice. (d-i) tdTomato expression in the DCN after water infusion (d; e, magnified of box in d), 1 kcal Ensure infusion (f; g, magnified of box in f), and chow refeeding (h; i, magnified of box in h). Scale bar, 500 µm (d, f, h), 100 µm (e, g, i). (j) Heatmap depicting the activated cells recombined in DCN subregions following infusion and refeeding (n = 9). (k-m) tdTomato expression in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) 3 weeks after water infusion (k), 1 kcal Ensure infusion (l), and chow refeeding (m). Scale bar, 500 µm. (n-p) tdTomato expression in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVH) 3 weeks after water infusion (n), 1 kcal Ensure infusion (o), and chow refeeding (p). Scale bar, 250 µm. (q-s) tdTomato expression in the arcuate hypothalamic nuclei (ARC) 3 weeks after water infusion (q), 1 kcal Ensure infusion (r), and chow refeeding (s). Scale bar, 250 µm. (t-v) tdTomato expression in the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN) 3 weeks after water infusion (t), 1 kcal Ensure infusion (u), and chow refeeding (v). Scale bar, 250 µm. (w-y) tdTomato expression in the central amygdaloid nucleus (CEA) 3 weeks after water infusion (w), 1 kcal Ensure infusion (x), and chow refeeding (y). Scale bar, 500 µm. (z-bb) tdTomato expression in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) 3 weeks after water infusion (z), 1 kcal Ensure infusion (aa), and chow refeeding (bb). Scale bar, 250 μm. (cc) Heatmap depicting relative density of cells recombined following water and calorie intake (top), and 1 kcal Ensure infusion and refeeding (bottom, n = 9). (dd) Schematic depicting the DCN and key feeding brain regions that sense food cues and nutrients⁶². Statistical analysis in Supplementary Table 1

Source data.