Extended Data Fig. 1: Stabilizer generators of a single logical qubit.

Expectation values of the stabilizer generators and the logical operators of the seven-qubit colour code for the six cardinal states of the Bloch sphere. Results for the non-fault-tolerant and fault-tolerant preparation scheme are depicted in orange and turquoise respectively, whereas results from numerical simulations are shown in lighter coloured bars. 2,500 and 10⁶ runs were performed in the experiment and for simulations for each prepared state, respectively. For the calculation of the expectation values of the logical operators a round of perfect error correction is applied. For the measurements corresponding to the data presented in this figure but also in Fig. 2 the sign of the rotation angle of physical Y-rotations is flipped, effectively implementing an additional deterministic π phase flip on qubit 6 and a π bit flip on qubit 7 at the end of the circuit depicted in Fig. 2a. The effects of this redefinition do not amount to a change of measurement bases and can be readily accounted for in post-processing.