Extended Data Fig. 9: Characterization of the slice culture system.

a, b, Sample confocal images (a) and quantification (b) of cell death and oxidative stress level measured in our human hippocampal slice culture in comparison to the post-mortem tissue, using immunohistological analysis of cleaved Caspase 3 and ATF4 (a marker of oxidative stress⁷³), respectively. Dots represent value of quantification for individual sections and boxes represent mean ± s.e.m with whiskers for max and min (n = 2 sections) (b). c, Sample confocal immunostaining images showing baseline cellular composition of slice culture and post-mortem tissue. NEUN⁺ neurons, IBA1⁺ microglia, S100B⁺ astrocytes, and OLIG2⁺ oligodendrocyte lineage cells were observed. d, Sample confocal images showing EdU-incorporated PROX1⁺ newborn GCs are absent of the astrocyte marker S100B or the more mature neuron marker CALB1 in slice cultures. Asterisks indicate EdU⁺PROX1⁺ GCs. For c, d, n = 1 section for each immunostaining. Scale bars: 50 µm for main panels and 10 µm for insets. e, Quantification of EdU-incorporated newborn imGCs expressing different markers in slice culture of the postnatal human dentate gyrus. Box plots similar as in Fig. 1g (n = 4 subjects).

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