Extended Data Fig. 7: Evolution of back stress during tensile deformation of as-printed AlCoCrFeNi2.1.
From: Strong yet ductile nanolamellar high-entropy alloys by additive manufacturing
a, Loading–unloading-reloading (LUR) true stress–strain curve. b, A representative LUR cycle showing the hysteresis loop. The back stress is calculated by Dickson’s method and thus defined as σb = σ0 – σe = (σ0 + σu)/2 – σ*/2, where σb denotes the back stress, σ0 the flow stress before unloading, σe the effective stress, σu the unloading yield stress, and σ* the viscous stress. c, Flow stress, back stress, and effective stress versus true strain during tensile deformation. Error bars represent the standard deviation.
