Extended Data Fig. 3: Performance of 0.85 mm Ø prism coupled GRIN lens compared to 0.6 mm Ø GRIN lens for imaging BNSTpr.

a, b, d, e, Illustrations showing GRIN lens placement in BNSTpr from top (a, d) and side (b, e) views. a–c, Illustrations or data from animals implanted with prism lenses. d–f, Data from animals implanted with conventional cylindrical GRIN lenses. c, f, Mean pixel correlation during 1 example imaging session. g, Cumulative fraction of number of units captured per imaging session normalized to the diameter of the GRIN lens. h, Cumulative fraction of the peak to noise ratio (PNR) of all units imaged using either a 0.6mm grin lens or a 0.85mm prism-coupled grin lens. i, Raster plots of MeApd, BNSTpr, MPOA and VMHvl Esr1⁺ neuronal activity during male-male or male-female unrestrained social interactions. For comparative purposes, all frames containing each behavior scored (indicated below plot) during a 30 min social interaction were concatenated and binned into 10s intervals; Averaged z-scored responses of each unit across all bins are shown. Tables below show the average variance (R²) in population activity that can be explained by intruder sex or by male and female-directed consummatory behavior and the ratio of female-preferring to male-preferring neurons in each imaged region. The mouse brain image in this figure (i) has been reproduced from ref. ⁴¹.