Extended Data Fig. 8: Photocatalytic OWS under natural concentrated solar light.
From: Solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of more than 9% in photocatalytic water splitting

a, Schematic parameter illustration of outdoor photocatalytic OWS system. b, Reaction temperature and natural light intensity in the outdoor test. The thickness of heat-insulating layer (ordinary A4 printing paper) and wall of chamber were approximately 0.5 cm and approximately 0.3 cm, respectively. The outdoor photocatalytic OWS was conducted from 5 November 2020 to 7 November 2020. The average natural solar light intensity was determined to be approximately 85 mW cm−2 between 11 pm and 3 pm by a thermopile detector (919P, Newport) with a 5 cm2 detector. c, Activity test after 140-min outdoor photocatalytic OWS reaction. Each cycle: 10 min.